Altameroy Blog

Do you know what the Child Trust Fund is? a low number of parents seem to realise that all babies get a free £250 voucher from the State to place in a Child Trust Fund. This voucher can be invested in any one of three kinds of CTF account, Stakeholder - a shares-based account thatswitches into cash, a savings account or a shares account. It is an excellent way to save for the future requirements of a young person

Scottish Friendly is a licensed provider of the Child Trust Fund The State is eager for the public to have access to Stakeholder accounts and this is the type of account that we are catering for. This means that:

Investments are paid into Scottish Friendly’s Managed Growth Fund, which hopes to provide good growth potential

An investment is made partly in shares to get the benefit of potentially higher returns over 18 years,compared to a cash deposit account (although the value of shares can
fall as well as go up whereas capital would be protected in a deposit account)

It comes with a low ‘Stakeholder’ funds charge of only 1.5 percent yearly

At age 18 the child will get a lump sum, entirely free of Capital Gains and Income Tax under current legislation

It’s affordable - extra payments can be placed in the account from only £10

One of the great attractions of the Child Trust Fund is that anyone - parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles, friends - if they want can give to the Fund to a ceiling of £1,200 per year to help increase the child’s Fund (once added, this money is not allowed to be withdrawn).

What this means is that our Stakeholder account offers a good balance between potentially high returns and a reduced level of risk. There’s also the additional assurance that our account is in accordance with with the Government’s stakeholder criteria. However this does not mean that returns are assured or that Stakeholder accounts are suitable for everyone. Remember that the value of shares in the Managed Growth Fund (where your Child Trust Fund money is held) can fall as well as increase and would not be guaranteed.

Only infants whose birthday is on or after 1st September 2002 are eligible to start up a Child Trust Fund. If you have older children born before the above-mentioned date who are not entitled you could consider saving for them with a Child Bond - it’s a tax-free savings plan intended for long-term growth.

There can be no doubt that investing for your daughter is a rewarding means of preparing for tomorrow.

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Everyone seems to be talking about the Avian Flu, otherwise known as the H5N1 virus. We believe the virus and danger is real, but are the investment opportunities for real?

Watching the public market clamor for “Bird Flu Stocks” reminds us of the “Internet Stock” bubble.

We challenge investors to carefully think about whether the bird flu is a great threat or just a great media story. With all the media coverage, would you be surprised to learn that in the entire world, the virus has only infected a total of 194 people and killed a total of 110 people?

The current strain of the virus is not spread among humans. Every person previously infected with the virus had direct contact with sick birds (mainly chickens). However, experts seem to agree that if the virus mutates into a contagious form, it is possible that it will kill millions of people.

Big problems always present tremendous investment opportunities. Investors in companies who develop the products and services that truly solve any large problem can make millions. In anticipation of large profits, it should come as no surprise that many investors have driven the market value of “bird flu stocks” to very high levels. The combined market value of these stocks now exceeds several billion dollars. Investors are assuming these companies will generate large profits.

Well, what if investors are wrong? What if the fancy solutions being touted by many of the bird flu stocks are not as important as we are led to believe?

Recently, a company in England announced that initial tests prove that a simple hand spray (which is already sold in major department stores) is more than 99.8% efficient in killing H5N1. The product was originally developed several years ago to prevent the spread of certain germs and is entirely safe for use by humans.

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, avoiding close contact with others, covering your mouth and nose, cleaning your hands and avoiding to touch your eyes, nose or mouth - are the primary ways to prevent getting germs.

When you take a step back from all the hype, the reality is that simply wearing a medical mask and washing hands frequently, will virtually assure that a person will not get infected.

Sometimes, the simple answers provide the best solutions. If medical masks and soap are the most effective defense, what becomes of all these “bird flu stocks”?

Joel Arberman is the Managing Member of Stock Aware, LLC. We publish a free investment research and analysis newsletter. Learn more at
http://www.StockAware.com

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Spread trading is a technique that can be used to profit in bullish, neutral or bearish conditions. It basically functions to limit risk at the cost of limiting profit as well.

Spread trading is defined as opening a position by buying and selling the same type of option (ie. Call or Put) at the same time. For example, if you buy a call option for stock XYZ, and sell another call option for XYZ, you are in fact spread trading.

By buying one option and selling another, you limit your risk, since you know the exact difference in either the expiration date or strike price (or both) between the two options. This difference is known as the spread, hence the name of this spread treading technique.

VERTICAL SPREADS

A Vertical Spread is a spread where the 2 options (the one you bought, and the one you sold) have the same expiration date, but differ only in strike price. For example, if you bought a $60 June Call option and sold a $70 June Call option, you have created a Vertical Spread.

Let’s assume we have a stock XYZ that’s currently priced at $50. We think the stock will rise. However, we don’t think the rise will be substantial, maybe just a movement of $5.

We then initiate a Vertical Spread on this stock. We Buy a $50 Call option, and Sell a $55 Call option. Let’s assume that the $50 Call has a premium of $1 (since it’s just In-The-Money), and the $55 Call has a premium of $0.25 (since it’s $5 Out-Of-The-Money).

So we pay $1 for the $50 Call, and earn $0.25 off the $55 Call, giving us a total cost of $0.75.

Two things can happen. The stock can either rise, as predicted, or drop below the current price. Let’s look at the 2 scenarios:

Scenario 1: The price has dropped to $45. We have made a mistake and predicted the wrong price movement. However, since both Calls are Out-Of-The-Money and will expire worthless, we don’t have to do anything to Close the Position. Our loss would be the $0.75 we spent on this spread trading exercise.

Scenario 2: The price has risen to $55. The $50 Call is now $5 In-The-Money and has a premium of $6. The $55 Call is now just In-The-Money and has a premium of $1. We can’t just wait till expiration date, because we sold a Call that’s not covered by stocks we own (ie. a Naked Call). We therefore need to Close our Position before expiration.

So we need to sell the $50 Call which we bought earlier, and buy back the $55 Call that we sold earlier. So we sell the $50 Call for $6, and buy the $55 Call back for $1. This transaction has earned us $5, resulting in a nett gain of $4.25, taking into account the $0.75 we spent earlier.

What happens if the price of the stock jumps to $60 instead?

Here’s where the - limited risk / limited profit - expression comes in. At a current price of $60, the $50 Call would be $10 In-The-Money and would have a premium of $11. The $55 Call would be $5 In-The-Money and would have a premium of $6. Closing the position will still give us $5, and still give us a nett gain of $4.25.

Once both Calls are In-The-Money, our profit will always be limited by the difference between the strike prices of the 2 Calls, minus the amount we paid at the start.

As a general rule, once the stock value goes above the lower Call (the $50 Call in this example), we start to earn profit. And when it goes above the higher Call (the $55 Call in this example), we reach our maximum profit.

So why would we want to perform this Spread?

If we had just done a simple Call option, we would have had to spend the $1 required to buy the $50 Call. In this spread trading exercise, we only had to spend $0.75, hence the - limited risk - expression. So you are risking less, but you will also profit less, since any price movement beyond the higher Call will not earn you any more profit. Hence this strategy is suitable for moderately bullish stocks.

HORIZONTAL SPREADS

We now look a Horizontal Spreads. Horizontal Spreads, otherwise known as Time Spreads or Calendar Spreads, are spreads where the strike prices of the 2 options stay the same, but the expiration dates differ.

To recap: Options have a Time Value associated with them. Generally, as time progresses, an option’s premium loses value. In addition, the closer you get to expiration date, the faster the value drops.

This spread takes advantage of this premium decay.

Let’s look at an example. Let’s say we are now in the middle of June. We decide to perform a Horizontal Spread on a stock. For a particular strike price, let’s say the August option has a premium of $4, and the September option has a premium of $4.50.

To initiate a Horizontal Spread, we would Sell the nearer option (in this case August), and buy the further option (in this case September). So we earn $4.00 from the sale and spend $4.50 on the purchase, netting us a $0.50 cost.

Let’s fast-forward to the middle of August. The August option is fast approaching its expiration date, and the premium has dropped drastically, say down to $1.50. However, the September option still has another month’s room, and the premium is still holding steady at $3.00.

At this point, we would close the spread position. We buy back the August option for $1.50, and sell the September option for $3.00. That gives us a profit of $1.50. When we deduct our initial cost of $0.50, we are left with a profit of $1.00.

That is basically how a Horizontal Spread works. The same technique can be used for Puts as well.

For more information on spread trading, visit:
http://www.option-trading-guide.com/spreads.html

Steven is the webmaster of http://www.option-trading-guide.com. If you would like to learn more about Option Trading or Technical Analysis, do visit for various strategies and resources to help your stock market investments.

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